Learning Indonesian Language Part 8

Countries, Languages, and Nationalities

Australia                               Australia

Belgium                                 Belgia           

Canada                                  Kanada

China                                     Cina      

Croatia                                Kroasia   

France                                Perancis           

Egypt                                 Mesir                  

England                             Inggris  

Germany                          Jerman           

Great Britain                   Britania Raya        

Italy                                 Italia

Japan                               Jepang

Mexico                             Meksiko

Netherlands                   Belanda

Norway                           Norwegia

Poland                           Polandia

Russia                            Rusia

Saudi Arabia                Arab Saudi  

Singapore                     Singapura

Spain                            Spanyol

Sweden                       Swedia

Switzerland                 Swiss

Turkey                        Turki

USA                         Amerika Serikat


Those are some of the country names. What about the languages and nationalities? Simple. Just put bahasa (language) or orang (people, person, man/woman) before the name of the country you desire.

Australia                             Australia

English                                Bahasa Inggris

Australian                          Orang Australia

Saudi Arabia                      Arab Saudi

Arabic                                 Bahasa Arab

Arabian                               Orang Arab

Italy                                     Italia

Italian                                 Bahasa Italia

Italian                                 Orang Italia

Note: If you’re an American and you speak English, then you shouldn’t say “Saya berbicara bahasa Amerika”, but you should say “Saya berbicara bahasa Inggris”. Just like ordinary.

Family

Mother                                                        Ibunda (very formal)

                                                                     Bunda (formal)

                                                                     Ibu (informal/familiar)

Father                                                        Ayahanda (very formal)

                                                                    Ayah (formal)

                                                                    Bapak (informal/familiar)

Elder sister / brother                              Kakak

Younger sister / brother                         Adik

Elder brother                                           Kanda (very formal)

Younger sister                                        Dinda (very formal)

Grandmother                                          Nenek

Grandfather                                            Kakek

Granddaughter / grandson                   Cucu

Husband                                                  Suami

Wife                                                          Istri

Daughter                                                 Putri

Son                                                          Putra

Aunt                                                        Bibi (vocative: Tante)

Uncle                                                      Paman (vocative: Om)

Cousin                                                    Sepupu

Nephew / niece                                    Kemenakan (formal)

                                                                 Keponakan (informal)

Mother-in-law                                      Ibu mertua

Father-in-law                                        Ayah mertua

Elder sister/brother-in-law                Kakak ipar

Younger sister/brother-in-law           Adik ipar

Stepmother                                            Ibu tiri

Stepfather                                              Ayah tiri

Step-eldersister/brother                     Kakak tiri

Step-younger sister/brother               Adik tiri

Animals

cat                                                      kucing

dog                                                     anjing (pejorative)

fish                                                     ikan

ant                                                    semut

rooster/hen                                    ayam

cow                                                  sapi

goat                                                 kambing

bee                                                  lebah

bird                                                 burung

rabbit                                             kelinci

elephant                                       gajah

giraffe                                           jerapah

frog                                               katak (ameliorative), kodok (pejorative)

snake                                           ular

sheep                                           biri-biri

butterfly                                      kupu-kupu

spider                                           laba-laba

Note:

• ‘anjing’ can also means a kind of profanity. So, be careful if you want to say it to an Indonesian.
  
• Biri-biri, kupu-kupu, and laba-laba do not have plural forms. But they are always written/spoken twice like that, not; biri, kupu, or laba. I don’t know why, but that’s what I learnt in kindergarten :p
  

Schools and Professions

School                                                   sekolah

Teacher                                                guru

Student                                                murid

Book                                                    buku

Pen                                                     pena

Class                                                   kelas

Classroom                                          ruang kelas

Math                                                    matematika

Biology                                                biologi

Geography                                        geografi

Chemical                                            kimia

History                                             sejarah

Economy                                          ekonomi

Physic                                               fisika

accountant                                        akuntan

engineer                                           insinyur

office worker                                   karyawan (m), karyawati (f)

doctor                                               dokter

teacher                                             guru

architect                                          arsitek

lawyer                                             pengacara

Note:

teacher means guru. Literally, it also means ‘pengajar’. >>

ajar                                   to study/to teach

mengajar                        teach

pengajar                         teacher

pelajar                            student

belajar                            to study


source: indo-european languages