Prefixes
word me ber di ter pe per memper se
Tulis Menulis - Ditulis Tertulis Penulis - - -
(to write) (write) (written) (written) (writer)
Jalan - Berjalan - - pejalan - - -
(to walk) - (to walk) - walker
Baca Membaca - Dibaca Terbaca Pembaca - - -
(to read) ( read) ( read) (read) (reader)
The table that I left does not mean that the words do not exist; they just don’t make sense, or they need a suffix.
The prefix ‘memper-’ has two function:
1. if it is followed by an adjective, it is to make something to be.. (the adjective).
2. if it is followed by a verb, it is to do something to other person, to make other person.. (the verb)
There is a confusion between the prefix ‘pe’ and ‘per’.
- ‘pe’ shows the person who does the verb, while
- ‘per’ shows the person who has a profession as the verb.
‘se’ means one. You can see how it works on the numbering section
Prefixes, suffixes, and circumfixes
Prefix Circumfix Suffix Prefix and suffix
me- -em- -an me-kan
ber- -kan me-i
di- -i memper-i
ter- -wan memper-kan
pe- -man pe-an
per- -lah per-an
memper- ber-an
se- se-nya
ke
Prefixes >> prefixes are always closed e
me- to make an actives entence, to make something change, and needs an objec
(watch how the letter changes before the first word of the infinitive)
mengambil me+ambil to take
membuat me+buat to make, to create
mencari me+cari to search, to look for
mendengar me+dengar to hear, to listen to
mengevakuasi me+evakuasi to evacuate
mengganti me+ganti to change
menghilang me+hilang to disappeared
mengisi me+isi to fill in
menjual me+jual to sell
mengira me+kira to guess
melihat me+lihat to see
memasak me+masak to cook
mengoperasi me+operasi to do an operation (surgery)
memindah me+pindah to move (stuff)
merasa me+rasa to feel
menyapu me+sapu to sweep
menulis me+tulis to write
mengulang me+ulang to repeat
Saya mengambil baju-baju saya I take my clothes
Kamu membuat lukisan You make a painting (you paint/you are painting)
Saya mencari teman saya I look for my friend
Saya mendengar sesuatu I hear something
Kamu mengisi gelas itu dengan air You fill the glass with water
Ayah menjual mobilnya Father sells his car
Kamu melihatku? Do you see me?
Saya memindah weblog saya I move my weblog
Saya merasa capai / lelah I feel tired
Dia menyapu lantai She/he sweeps the floor
Kamu menulis sebuah lagu You write a song
ber- to make an active sentence that does not have to followed by an object
Berangkat Ber + angkat To have a departure
Berbahasa Ber + bahasa To have an ability to speak a/some language/s
Bercinta Ber + cinta To have sex
Berdansa Ber + dansa To have a dance
Berguru Ber + guru To have a study
Berhitung Ber + hitung To have count
Berjanji Ber + janji To have a promise
Bermain Ber + main To have a play
Berpura-pura Ber + pura-pura To have a pretend
Bersantai Ber + santai To have a relax
Bertaruh Ber + taruh To have a bet
Berubah Ber + ubah To have a change
Bervariasi Ber + variasi To have a variation
Berzina Ber + zina To have an affair, a prostitution
source: indo-european languages
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